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READ MORECastings made of different materials have different requirements for heat treatment, mainly because these materials have different chemical compositions and physical properties. The following are the different requirements for heat treatment of some common materials:
Cast iron:
Gray cast iron: Usually no heat treatment is required because it has good casting properties and excellent wear resistance. However, annealing is sometimes performed to remove casting stress and improve cutting performance.
Ductile iron: Heat treatment mainly includes spheroidizing and normalizing to improve its toughness and strength. Spheroidizing makes graphite spherical, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the casting.
Cast steel:
Low alloy cast steel: Usually quenching and tempering are required to improve its strength and toughness. Quenching can increase hardness, while tempering can reduce brittleness and improve toughness.
High alloy cast steel: More complex heat treatment processes may be required, such as high temperature annealing and aging treatment, to optimize the precipitation of alloying elements and hardness.
Aluminum alloy:
Aluminum-silicon alloy: usually undergoes aging treatment (i.e., T6 treatment) to enhance strength and hardness by rapid cooling after treatment at high temperature.
Aluminum-copper alloy: may require solution treatment and aging treatment to evenly distribute alloying elements and improve hardness and strength.
Magnesium alloy:
Magnesium-aluminum alloy: usually requires aging treatment to improve strength. The heat treatment process needs to be controlled at an appropriate temperature and time to avoid high-temperature embrittlement of magnesium alloy.
Stainless steel castings:
Austenitic stainless steel: generally requires solution treatment and aging treatment to improve mechanical properties. Solution treatment is carried out at high temperature to ensure uniform distribution of alloying elements, while aging treatment improves hardness.
Martensitic stainless steel: often undergoes quenching and tempering treatment to improve hardness and strength. During treatment, attention should be paid to temperature control to prevent overheating and performance degradation.
Castings of different materials need to select appropriate processes during heat treatment according to their chemical composition, expected performance, and use environment to ensure that the performance of the final product meets the requirements.